Jump Cuts

·      Usually when recording in order to prepare for a cutting point between two consecutive shots such as cutting from a wide shot in a scene to closer coverage- we vary both the size and angle of the shot.

·      Some filmmakers deliberately choose not to vary the size and angle of the second shot which results in the cut having a jarring effect, literally jumping in what often feels like an awkward way from one shot to the next.

·         In the industry, in (film criticism, universally) this is known as a jump cut.

·         Filmmakers use jump cuts for several reasons:

-          Rebellion

-          French New Wave filmmakers used jump cuts in the 50s to break from the traditional dominance of continuity editing.

-          Pace

-          Jump cuts can be used to add a sense of speed to the sequence of events.

-          Psychological

-          Jump cuts can be used to suggest the non-linear way the human mind works.

-          (Example: Breathless Jump Cuts, A bout de soufflé Jean Luc Godard Car Scene. Rebellion.

This extract is from the movie The Battleship Potemkin (1925), the creativity of Sergei Eisenstein; the director of the movie, portrayed it in a whole new level. Using the method of jump cuts Eisenstein turned a complete classic into a significant political use. The disjointed cuts allowed us to be aware of reality and not the unreality of the film experience in order for the audience to get the political message that Sir Eisenstein clearly wanted to show. This is very different from the other classical movies as this is not focused on the drama or emotion of the narrative. The first scene is a canon firing then a series of jump cuts of the statue of the angles, then we get a shot of a building exploding then the jump cuts of the lion statue which was first ‘sleeping’ then it ‘stands up’ clearly giving the hint on the political message.

FILM AND VIDEO

Film and video from Varshini1999

Analogue and Digital

ANALOGUE

Analogue is typically referred to as chemical photography, it has a continuous pattern which is a representation of some other time varying quantity. It is contrasted with the digital procedure. The method of analogue recording is used to record analogue signals which could either be analogue audio or analogue video. Analogue is referring a signal whose output is proportional to the input. It can be stored as a physical texture, photograph record or a magnetic recording.

DIGITAL

Digital imaging doesn't really require chemicals, film can be either chemical or digital. The way digital image captures/records is by utilizing photo sensors which processes the images through a special software. Or film can be kept in digital form for a digital projection.  Digital signals are pattered in to states which are ON (1) or OFF (0). When it’s a chemical process a light sensitive silver halide, light gets exposed on film which creates the images, movie projectors are a mechanical device which can display motion pictures onto a screen

Engaging the Viewer

Engaging the Viewer Unit 16 from Varshini1999

                                                          Horror Genre



                                                     Romantic Comedies







                                                                 Action

Storytelling

Storytelling is conveying of events in in words, sound or images. It has been shared by human beings for a very long time as a means of recording and representing the world and for the purposes of:

-          Entertainments

-          Education

-          Cultural preservation

-          Instilling moral values

·         Crucial elements of stories and storytelling include:

-          Plot

-          Characters

-          Narrative

-          Point of view

The word "storytelling" is utilized as a part of a narrow sense to allude particularly to oral storytelling and in a free sense to allude to narrative strategy in other media

Plot: Cause and effect process that develops, cause effect relationship ordering of events. Doesn’t always work chronologically.

Story: is chronological but wider. Chronological world of the film.

Narrative: All the means used to communicate the plot and story. Action happening within frame, tile, music, effects (editing effects) and not part of the story world.

·         The term “visual storytelling” goes to film and a host of other media.

·         At times it holds a prescriptive edge: in a pictorial medium, you should tell your stories visually- rather than, for example, through lengthy dialogue.

·         Show, don’t tell, in other words.

·         As a concept “visual storytelling” alludes to the way that producers of moving image products tell the meaning of action and events through images without recourse to the written or spoken word.

·         This is mainly achieved through two techniques:

-          The choice of shots;

-          The way those shots are edited together.

·         Visual storytelling is rarely purely visual.

·         In film, it needs concepts and music and noises and much of the time a medium of dialogue to work most fully.

·         But given the power of the image, a director who invests in “purely visual” passages first and then considers how his/her images might be reinforced by other inputs, gains huge dividends in the long run.

EVOLUTION OF CINEMA (VIDEO EXAMPLES)

REFERENCE:

http://filmmakeriq.com/lessons/the-changing-shape-of-cinema-the-history-of-aspect-ratio/

Evolution of The Film Industry:

REFERENCE:
https://vimeo.com/89445851

FILM

Film is a chemical procedure which is utilized for analogue recording, copying, playback, broadcasting and presentation of moving visual and audio media on a material celluloid.

Film gate: 24 frames/second

Celluloid comes as a transparent, flammable plastic made in sheets from camphor and nitrocellulose. It was utilized in order to make cinematographic movies.

The first celluloid film came in size 16mm. The small negative size implied that movies frequently seemed grainy.

The entry of a bigger 35mm negative enhanced picture quality.

Film Sizes: 16mm, 35mm, 70mm (IMAX Projector)

Video is an electronic medium utilized for analogue recording, replicating, playback, TV and presentation of moving visual and audio media on magnetic tape consuming an analogue video signal.

Digital 0s and 1s (Cassette) and Cassette with curves.

Digital video is a sort of digital recording system that functions by recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display utilizing a digital as opposed to an analogue video signal.

Difference between Analog and Digital signal (MICRO TASK)

A continuous wave represented by a sine wave and may differ in signal quality.

Digital sign utilizing binart (0s and 1s), and thus, can't tackle any fractional values.

OR

Analog waves are smooth and ceaseless, digital waves are steeping, square, and discrete.

Digital cinematography alludes to the procedure of catching motion pictures as digital video pictures instead of the historical utilization of motion picture celluloid film.

Digital capture may take place on video tape, hard disks, flash memory, or other media which can record digital data using a digital movie video camera or additional digital video.